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Diabetes Treatment Options for Type 1 and Type 2

Diabetes Treatment Options for Type 1 and Type 2

About 8.5 percent of adults aged 18 years and older have diabetes.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces.

Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Hyperglycaemia, or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time leads to serious damage to many of the body’s systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels.

This blog will discuss the types and diabetes treatment options.

What Is Diabetes?

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar (glucose) levels that result from defects in insulin secretion or the body’s ability to use insulin.

Normally, blood glucose levels are tightly controlled by insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas. Insulin lowers the blood glucose level. When the blood glucose elevates (for example, after eating food), insulin is released from the pancreas. This release of insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into body cells.

In patients with diabetes, the absence of insufficient production or lack of response to insulin causes hyperglycemia. Diabetes is a chronic medical condition, meaning that although it can be controlled, it lasts a lifetime.

In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas cannot produce insulin. Type 1 diabetes was formerly known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is more a result of insulin resistance (cells not being able to use insulin effectively or at all. It was formerly known as adult-onset diabetes or non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

Diabetes Treatment Options

The major goal in treating type 1 and type 2 diabetes is to control blood sugar (glucose) levels within the normal range, with minimal excursions to low or high levels.

Type 1 diabetes is treated with:

  • Insulin medication
  • exercise
  • Type 1 diabetes diet

Type 2 diabetes is treated:

  • Weight reduction
  • Type 2 diabetes diet
  • Exercise

Diabetes medications (oral or injected) are prescribed when these measures fail to control the elevated blood sugars of type 2 diabetes. If other medications become ineffective diabetes care with insulin may be initiated.

If you have diabetic feet, orthofeet diabetic shoes may help.

Diabetes Diet

Proper nutrition is essential for all people with diabetes. Control of blood glucose levels is only one goal of a healthy eating plan. A diabetic diet helps achieve and maintain a normal body weight while preventing the common cardiac and vascular complications of diabetes.

There is no prescribed diet plan for diabetes and no single “diabetes diet”. Eating plans are tailored to fit each individual’s needs, schedules, and eating habits. Each diabetes diet plan must be balanced with the intake of insulin therapy and other diabetes medications.

In general, the principles of a healthy diabetes diet are the same for everyone. Consumption of various foods in a healthy diet includes whole grains, fruits, non-fat dairy products, beans, lean meats, vegetarian substitutes, poultry, or fish.

People with diabetes may benefit from eating small meals throughout the day, instead of eating one or two heavy meals. No foods are absolutely forbidden for people with diabetes. Attention to portion control and advanced meal planning can help people with diabetes enjoy the same meals as everyone else.

Manage Diabetes With A Healthy Lifestyle

Diet and exercise can help some people manage type 1 and 2 diabetes. If lifestyle changes aren’t enough to lower your blood sugar, you’ll need to consider to the diabetes treatment options above. Learn more about health and lifestyle from our blog.

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